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Mounjaro is an injectable medicine used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and weight management in adults, alongside a reduced-calorie diet and exercise.
Containing the drug tirzepatide, the MHRA granted approval for its use in weight loss in November 2023 after promising results in improving sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Tirzepatide, a GIP and GLP 1 receptor agonist, plays a role in weight loss by making patients feel fuller for longer and controlling appetite.
Before a drug can be sold and supplied to the public, it must first be approved by the MHRA. The MHRA tests new drugs for efficacy, safety and adverse events. The information from these studies must prove the drug is safe and effective for its intended use. If the drug’s health benefits outweigh its known risks it can be approved for use.
Tirzepatide works on two hormone pathways. The glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a hormone which is released from the small intestine and stimulates insulin secretion to keep blood sugar levels low after eating, thereby improving glycaemic control.
The presence of fatty or high-sugar food triggers the release of this hormone. Once released, however, levels of GIP quickly decline. Tirzepatide takes over, keeping the levels of GIP high so that more insulin is released.
The other pathway tirzepatide works on is the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) pathway. GLP-1 also stimulates the release of insulin. Additionally, it also acts in the brain to make you feel fuller for longer by slowing the emptying of the stomach.
Tirzepatide is the first molecule that activates both these pathways and when compared to other weight loss medications, such as Semaglutide (Ozempic/Wegovy), it has resulted in greater weight loss.
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